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A/41, BDA Duplex Colony, Baramunda, Bhubaneswar - 751003

What are STDs?

The ailments resulting from infection with certain bacteria, viruses, or other germs that can be transmitted between one person to another via the bloodstream, sperm, vaginal secretions, or other body fluids during any type of oral, anal, or genital intercourse with someone who is infected. This is additionally known as sexually transmitted infection, STD, or STI.

Types of STDs

Infections transmitted through sexual contact (STIs) include:

Chlamydia: Chlamydia can harm a woman's reproductive system even if there are no visible signs. Women with symptoms may observe an unusual discharge from the vagina or a scorching sensation while peeing. Men experiencing symptoms may notice a flow of fluid from the penis, a scorching sensation while peeing and pain and swelling in one or both testicles , though this is unusual.

Gonorrhea: This condition is a STI that can infect the sexual organs, the rectum, o

Trichomoniasis: Approximately 70% of those infected do not exhibit any symptoms. When trich produces signs and symptoms, they might range from minor discomfort to severe inflammation. Symptoms can appear and go. Men who have trich may notice itching or irritation within the penis, burning following urination or ejaculation and discharge from the penis. Women experiencing trich may notice itching, burning, redness, or pain in the sexual organs, discomfort while urinating, Clear, white, yellowish, or greenish vaginal discharge (thin discharge or increasing volume) with a fishy odor.

Genital warts: A medical condition defined by the existence of recognizable, exophytic (raised) growths on the interior or outer sexual organs, the genital area or the perianal region.

Genital herpes: Herpes sores typically present as a number of blisters on or near the genitals, rectum, or mouth. This is referred to as suffering an "outbreak". The blisters rupture and leave painful wounds that might require a week or longer to cure. Symptoms similar to the flu (such as fever, body aches, or swollen glands) can occur as well during the initial infection.

Scabies: Scabies is a skin disease caused by a human itching bug. Scabies produces severe itchiness and a pimple-like rash on the skin.

Syphilis: This infection can lead to major health complications. Infection progresses via several phases. In the primary phase, you may observe a single or several lesions. The second stage is seen as skin rashes and sores in your mouth, vagina, or anus. The latent phase occurs when the patient has no obvious indications or symptoms. Tertiary phase can have a wide range of effects on many organ systems. These consist of the brain and neurological system, as well as the heart and blood arteries. It is quite dangerous and can result in death.

Human papillomavirus (HPV): HPV spreads through close contact with the skin. Anyone can contract HPV through engaging in genital or oral contact with an individual who has the virus, regardless of whether they have no symptoms.

Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV): HIV affects white blood cells, compromising the body's immune response. It also makes it simpler to contract diseases including tuberculosis, sickness, and certain malignancies. HIV is spread by sexual activity, syringe or needle sharing, improper medication injections or transfusions of blood, and organ or tissue transplants. It may additionally be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum via breastfeeding.

Types of STDs

Diagnosis

Syphilis, hepatitis B, and HIV testing are affordable and speedy. Numerous resource-limited regions perform the quick syphilis test and the rapid dual HIV/syphilis test. Many additional quick tests are being developed which have the potential to enhance STI diagnosis and treatment, particularly in resource-limited situations.

Treatment

Several sexually transmitted infections now have effective treatments accessible. Three bacterial (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) along with a parasitic STI (trichomoniasis) are generally treatable with current single-dose antibiotic regimens. The most effective treatments for herpes and HIV are antiviral drugs, which can slow the progression of the infection but are incapable of curing it. Antiviral medication may help fight the illness and reduce liver damage in cases of the viral infection hepatitis B.

STDs Treatment

Prevention

Condoms are one of the easiest and most reliable ways to protect yourself from STIs, including HIV, when used correctly and regularly. Condoms, while highly efficient, do not provide safeguards against STIs (such as syphilis or genital herpes) that result in extra genital sores. Whenever practical, all anal and vaginal sex should involve the use of condoms. There are safe and very effective vaccinations for two viral STIs: hepatitis B and HPV. Such vaccinations have marked significant advancements in STI prevention.

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